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Research Library · Independent literature review

Urology: Are there randomized trials of VR surgical planning?

5 Urology studies in the library address this question.

Urology: Randomized trialsBar chart. Urology: Randomized trials. Randomized trials 5.RESEARCH LIBRARY · INDEPENDENT LITERATURE REVIEWUrology: Randomized trials5 studies in the library, by study designRandomized trials5StudiesRealize Medical Research Library · 631 studies · updated 2026-10-03

What the studies report

  • “Analyses indicated statistically significant difference in ischemia time favoring RG (p = 0.045), with a mean difference of 3.8 minutes.”

    Duarte 2026 · Randomized controlled trial · n: 45 patients

  • “Preoperative visualization of the iVR model resulted in a changed calyx of entry in 30% of cases.”

    Cumpanas 2025 · Randomized controlled trial · n: 175 patients

  • “For urologists treating complex renal tumors, MR technology can help them reduce the warm ischemia time (21.3 ± 4.0 vs 23.6 ± 5.9 minutes, p = 0.031), reconstruction time (15.4 ± 3.8 vs 17.2 ± 4.2 minutes, p = 0.034)”

    Yang 2022 · Randomized controlled trial · n: 92 patients

  • “In 32% of intervention cases, the surgeons modified their operative plan based on the model.”

    Shirk 2022 · Randomized controlled trial · n: 92 patients

How strong is the evidence?

Study designs: 5 randomized trials.

All 5 studies

Robot-assisted Partial Nephrectomy with and without Mixed Reality - REALITATEM study #

Duarte DM Junior et al. · International braz j urol · 2026

Urology · Randomized controlled trial · n: 45 patients

“Analyses indicated statistically significant difference in ischemia time favoring RG (p = 0.045), with a mean difference of 3.8 minutes.”

p = 0.045

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Preoperative Immersive Virtual Reality Applied to Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Study of Surgical Planning and Clinical Outcomes #

Cumpanas AD et al. · The Journal of urology · 2025

Urology · Randomized controlled trial · n: 175 patients

“Preoperative visualization of the iVR model resulted in a changed calyx of entry in 30% of cases.”

30%

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Mixed Reality: A Step Further for Planning Complex Renal Tumors (RENAL Nephrometry Score of 7 or Higher) #

Yang Y et al. · Journal of endourology · 2022

Urology · Randomized controlled trial · n: 92 patients

“For urologists treating complex renal tumors, MR technology can help them reduce the warm ischemia time (21.3 ± 4.0 vs 23.6 ± 5.9 minutes, p = 0.031), reconstruction time (15.4 ± 3.8 vs 17.2 ± 4.2 minutes, p = 0.034)”

p = 0.031

DOIPubMed

Effect of 3-Dimensional, Virtual Reality Models for Surgical Planning of Robotic Prostatectomy on Trifecta Outcomes: A Randomized Clinical Trial #

Shirk JD et al. · The Journal of urology · 2022

Urology · Randomized controlled trial · n: 92 patients

“In 32% of intervention cases, the surgeons modified their operative plan based on the model.”

32%

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Effect of 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality Models for Surgical Planning of Robotic-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy on Surgical Outcomes: A Randomized Clinical Trial #

Shirk JD et al. · JAMA network open · 2019

Urology · Randomized controlled trial · n: 92 patients

“When controlling for case complexity and other covariates, patients whose surgical planning involved 3-D VR models showed differences in operative time (odds ratio [OR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.37-2.70; estimated OR, 2.47), estimated blood loss (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.04-3.78; estimated OR, 4.56), clamp time (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 0.79-3.23; estimated OR, 11.22), and length of hospital stay (OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.59-5.14; estimated OR, 5.43).”

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Summarises published research on VR/AR surgical planning across all platforms. Not product labelling. For Elucis indications see /elucis.

Intended for healthcare professionals.

Summaries and quotes describe each study's methods and the findings its authors report. They are not claims by Realize Medical and may contain errors: please read the original paper. Inclusion is not an endorsement of any product or use.