The library holds 21 ENT / head & neck studies, published 2018–2026; 11 of them since 2024.
Study designs: 1 randomized trial, 3 comparative or prospective studies, 1 retrospective study, 3 surveys and user studies, 5 reviews and 8 case reports, case series and technical reports.
Quoted from the studies. Each question lists the studies that report on it.
Of 4 studies with a finding on this question: 4 report a positive finding. These reflect what each study's authors report.
“Based on the system usability score, the VR-DSP platform was found to have above average usability.”
Manzie 2023 · Survey/user study
“Most participants were favorable about the VR model and considered HMD as superior to a flat computer screen. 91% of the participants agreed or somewhat agreed that VR through HMD is cost effective.”
Yamazaki 2021 · Survey/user study · n: 1 patient
“The case-specific 3D hologram on HMDs was successfully used by means of easy gesture-handling without any monitors preoperatively and intraoperatively.”
Mitani 2021 · Survey/user study
Of 3 studies with a finding on this question: 1 report a positive finding, 1 descriptive, 1 no significant difference. These reflect what each study's authors report.
“The VR models helped the surgeon to assess the details of the altered anatomy preoperatively to plan an appropriate approach.”
Nowak 2024 · Case series
“Three-quarters (76%) of residents reported increased confidence after using VR.”
Feinmesser 2023 · Feasibility study · n: 21 patients
Of 3 studies with a finding on this question: 2 report a positive finding, 1 descriptive. These reflect what each study's authors report.
“Surgeons were able to perform the steps in an efficient time despite limited experience.”
Manzie 2023 · Survey/user study
“AI algorithms increased the accuracy of tumor detection and treatment planning, while VR-based planning and augmented reality guidance improved surgical margins and reduced operative time.”
Ghasemi 2025 · Preprint (narrative review)
“During an operative workshop, a surgeon using AR glasses projected virtual, annotated specimen models back into the resection bed onto a cadaver within approximately 10 minutes.”
Necker 2023 · Cadaveric study
Of 4 studies with a finding on this question: 4 report a positive finding. These reflect what each study's authors report.
“The 3D virtual specimen can be accurately superimposed onto surgical sites for orientation and sizing applications.”
Necker 2023 · Cadaveric study
“A strong correlation based on intraclass coefficient was found between the methods on both the anatomical (r > 0.900) and fiducial measurements (r > 0.916).”
Timonen 2021 · Cadaveric study
“When explored with an endoscope in the VR simulator, the anatomical models generated by the algorithm accurately capture key sinus structures and showcase patient-specific variability in anatomy.”
Gudapati 2024 · Technical development
Of 3 studies with a finding on this question: 1 mixed, 2 descriptive. These reflect what each study's authors report.
“VRCEP was associated with decreased defect-driven margins (10% vs. 53.3%, p = 0.032).”
Nunes 2025 · Randomized controlled trial · n: 34 patients
“Despite its potential, further research is needed to assess the full impact of VR technologies on surgical outcomes and educational efficacy in head and neck oncology decision making.”
Dubray-Vautrin 2025 · Narrative review
“With the help of virtual reality, surgeons could adequately assess the condition of carcinoma and the security of operation and ensured the safety of operations.”
Zhou 2018 · Case series · n: 8 patients
Of 5 studies with a finding on this question: 4 report a positive finding, 1 descriptive. These reflect what each study's authors report.
“Regardless of the participants' training level in otorhinolaryngology or VR experience, all participants agreed that the VR temporal bone model is useful for anatomical education.”
Yamazaki 2021 · Survey/user study · n: 1 patient
“Similarly, the holograms were observed to be better for intraoperative application and surgical education than computer images (P < .01).”
Mitani 2021 · Survey/user study
“VR training platforms shortened the learning curve for surgeons by providing risk-free, immersive simulation, and AI-driven analytics enabled real-time monitoring of reconstructive flaps and early complication detection.”
Ghasemi 2025 · Preprint (narrative review)
Of 4 studies with a finding on this question: 1 report a positive finding, 3 descriptive. These reflect what each study's authors report.
“Completion of the VRCEP was feasible with no significant increase in surgeon TLB appreciated.”
Nunes 2025 · Randomized controlled trial · n: 34 patients
“Participants identified some perceived barriers to implementing the VR-DSP platform.”
Manzie 2023 · Survey/user study
“Additionally, VR enhances collaborative decision-making in tumor boards by enabling multidisciplinary teams to visualize medical images in a shared virtual space.”
Dubray-Vautrin 2025 · Narrative review
Nunes KL et al. · The Laryngoscope · 2025
ENT / head & neck · Randomized controlled trial · n: 34 patients
“VRCEP was associated with decreased defect-driven margins (10% vs. 53.3%, p = 0.032).”
p = 0.032
Priel A et al. · Seminars in ophthalmology · 2025
ENT / head & neck · Validation study · n: 10 patients
“Surprisingly, the VR system did not help them to interpret the CT better.”
Necker FN et al. · Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery · 2023
ENT / head & neck · Cadaveric study
“The 3D virtual specimen can be accurately superimposed onto surgical sites for orientation and sizing applications.”
Timonen T et al. · European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology · 2021
ENT / head & neck · Cadaveric study
“A strong correlation based on intraclass coefficient was found between the methods on both the anatomical (r > 0.900) and fiducial measurements (r > 0.916).”
r > 0.900
Munoglu A et al. · Surgical innovation · 2026
ENT / head & neck · Retrospective cohort · n: 27 patients
“In MTB, 1 of 20 decisions (5%) was modified after 3D review”
5%
Manzie T et al. · ANZ journal of surgery · 2023
ENT / head & neck · Survey/user study
“Based on the system usability score, the VR-DSP platform was found to have above average usability.”
Yamazaki A et al. · Auris, nasus, larynx · 2021
ENT / head & neck · Survey/user study · n: 1 patient
“Most participants were favorable about the VR model and considered HMD as superior to a flat computer screen. 91% of the participants agreed or somewhat agreed that VR through HMD is cost effective.”
91%
Mitani S et al. · Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2021
ENT / head & neck · Survey/user study
“The case-specific 3D hologram on HMDs was successfully used by means of easy gesture-handling without any monitors preoperatively and intraoperatively.”
Ghasemi S et al. · Preprints.org · 2025
ENT / head & neck · Preprint (narrative review)
“AI algorithms increased the accuracy of tumor detection and treatment planning, while VR-based planning and augmented reality guidance improved surgical margins and reduced operative time.”
Dubray-Vautrin A et al. · Oral oncology · 2025
ENT / head & neck · Narrative review
“Additionally, VR enhances collaborative decision-making in tumor boards by enabling multidisciplinary teams to visualize medical images in a shared virtual space.”
Aweeda M et al. · Journal of medical extended reality · 2024
ENT / head & neck · Narrative review
Torborg SR et al. · Journal of clinical medicine · 2024
ENT / head & neck · Systematic review
“XR is a novel strategy for increasing patients' comprehension of their procedures and can facilitate improved communication and planning amongst a multidisciplinary surgical team during preoperative discussions.”
Konuthula N et al. · Otolaryngologic clinics of North America · 2020
ENT / head & neck · Narrative review
Cho Y et al. · Head & neck · 2025
ENT / head & neck · Technical development · n: 3 patients
Nowak R et al. · The Laryngoscope · 2024
ENT / head & neck · Case series
“The VR models helped the surgeon to assess the details of the altered anatomy preoperatively to plan an appropriate approach.”
Karnatz N et al. · Cancers · 2024
ENT / head & neck · Technical development
Gudapati V et al. · Journal of neurological surgery reports · 2024
ENT / head & neck · Technical development
“When explored with an endoscope in the VR simulator, the anatomical models generated by the algorithm accurately capture key sinus structures and showcase patient-specific variability in anatomy.”
Feinmesser G et al. · American journal of otolaryngology · 2023
ENT / head & neck · Feasibility study · n: 21 patients
“The attending surgeons rated the VR model's accuracy at 8.3 ± 1.6 out of 10.”
8.3 ± 1.6
Karnatz N et al. · Journal of clinical medicine · 2022
ENT / head & neck · Technical development
Gsaxner C et al. · Computer methods and programs in biomedicine · 2021
ENT / head & neck · Technical development
“Medical experts rated our application with a system usability scale score of 74.8 ± 15.9, which signifies above average, good usability and clinical acceptance.”
74.8 ± 15.9
Zhou YQ et al. · Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi · 2018
ENT / head & neck · Case series · n: 8 patients
“With the help of virtual reality, surgeons could adequately assess the condition of carcinoma and the security of operation and ensured the safety of operations.”
Summarises published research on VR/AR surgical planning across all platforms. Not product labelling. For Elucis indications see /elucis.
Intended for healthcare professionals.
Summaries and quotes describe each study's methods and the findings its authors report. They are not claims by Realize Medical and may contain errors: please read the original paper. Inclusion is not an endorsement of any product or use.