7 Urology studies in the library address this question.
“Preoperative visualization of the iVR model resulted in a changed calyx of entry in 30% of cases.”
Cumpanas 2025 · Randomized controlled trial · n: 175 patients
“In 32% of intervention cases, the surgeons modified their operative plan based on the model.”
Shirk 2022 · Randomized controlled trial · n: 92 patients
“Six surgical approaches were changed based on the 3D VR images.”
McDonald 2021 · Prospective case series · n: 15 patients
“iVR altered the surgical approach in 10 (40%) cases.”
Parkhomenko 2019 · Prospective cohort with matched controls · n: 25 patients
Of 7 studies with a finding on this question: 6 report a positive finding, 1 descriptive. These reflect what each study's authors report.
Study designs: 2 randomized trials, 2 comparative or prospective studies, 1 retrospective study and 2 case reports, case series and technical reports.
Randomized trials: 2 trials on this question; 2 reported a positive finding.
Cumpanas AD et al. · The Journal of urology · 2025
Urology · Randomized controlled trial · n: 175 patients
“Preoperative visualization of the iVR model resulted in a changed calyx of entry in 30% of cases.”
30%
Shirk JD et al. · The Journal of urology · 2022
Urology · Randomized controlled trial · n: 92 patients
“In 32% of intervention cases, the surgeons modified their operative plan based on the model.”
32%
McDonald M, D Shirk J · JSLS · 2021
Urology · Prospective case series · n: 15 patients
“Six surgical approaches were changed based on the 3D VR images.”
Parkhomenko E et al. · Journal of endourology · 2019
Urology · Prospective cohort with matched controls · n: 25 patients
“iVR altered the surgical approach in 10 (40%) cases.”
10 (40%)
Lanfranchi G et al. · Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
Urology · Retrospective case series · n: 6 patients
“The high depth perception and precision in the orientation of the arteries and veins to the parenchyma changed the intraoperative decision-making process in five patients.”
Wake N et al. · Urology · 2018
Urology · Case report (video) · n: 1 patient
“The application of 3D printed and AR models is safe and feasible and can influence surgical decisions.”
Wake N et al. · Proc. Intl. Soc. Mag. Reson. Med. 25 (ISMRM 2017), abstract 4948 · 2017
Urology · Conference abstract
“These models may alter the surgical plan, and could promote both nephron-sparing surgery and preservation of healthy parenchyma, as surgeons gain a better visualization of the size and location of a tumor in relation to normal tissue and vital structures.”
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Summarises published research on VR/AR surgical planning across all platforms. Not product labelling. For Elucis indications see /elucis.
Intended for healthcare professionals.
Summaries and quotes describe each study's methods and the findings its authors report. They are not claims by Realize Medical and may contain errors: please read the original paper. Inclusion is not an endorsement of any product or use.